Definition of Control
According to Allen,
"Control agency to guide something inwards the management it is intended to go."
Definition of Controlling
According to James Stoner,
"Controlling is the procedure of ensuring that actual activities arrange to the planned activities."
5 Steps In Control Process
Five nous steps inwards the command procedure amongst diagram are discussed below :-
1. Fixing the Control Standards / Objectives / Targets
A criterion is a criterion (base) which is used to stair out the functioning of the subordinates. Standards may locomote of ii types, i.e. Quantitative Standards as well as Qualitative Standards.
Quantitative Standard tin locomote easily defined as well as measured. For e.g. number of products, number of customers, cost, internet profit, fourth dimension limits, etc.
Qualitative Standard cannot locomote easily defined as well as measured. For e.g. mensuration of morale, mensuration of undertaking satisfaction, mensuration of number of a grooming programme, promotion programme, etc. It is amend to conduct keep quantitative standards because they are measurable. However, today in that place are many novel techniques for measuring qualitative standards.
The standards should locomote every bit clear every bit possible. It should locomote easily understood past times both superiors as well as subordinates. The responsibleness of each private should also locomote clearly defined i.e. everyone should locomote responsible for achieving a detail goal, objective, target, etc. For e.g. The marketing region fixes a criterion - "We volition sell 2,000 units of production X inwards i month". So hither the criterion is 2,000 units.
2. Measuring the Actual Performances
After establishing the standards, the subordinates should locomote provided amongst all the resources for performing the job. They should locomote properly directed as well as motivated to perform the job. Similarly, they should locomote properly supervised. If the subordinated come upward nether blogspot.com//search?q=douglas-mcgregor-theory-x-theory-y">Theory X they require maximum supervision. However, if they come, nether blogspot.com//search?q=douglas-mcgregor-theory-x-theory-y">Theory Y thus they require minimum supervision. After they consummate the undertaking their functioning should locomote carefully measured. There are many traditional as well as modern techniques for measuring the performances of subordinates.
For e.g. After i month, the marketing region sold entirely 10,000 units of production X. So, their actual functioning is entirely 10,000 units.
3. Comparision
The actual performances of the subordinates are compared amongst established standards, as well as thus the deviations are found out. The deviations which are found out may locomote positive or negative.
Positive Deviation agency that the actual performances are amend than the established standards. Positive deviations should locomote appreciated.
Negative Deviation agency that the actual functioning is less than the established standards. The blogspot.com//search?q=douglas-mcgregor-theory-x-theory-y">management should pay exceptional attending to the negative deviation. They should honour out the causes of negative deviations.
Generally, fry (small) deviations are ignored. However, major deviations should locomote directly addressed as well as reported to the exceed management. PERT, Budgetary Control, Observation, Inspection, Reports, etc. are roughly of the methods used for comparison.
For e.g. 10,000 units (Standard) - 9,000 units (Actual Performance) = 1,000 units (Negative Deviation).
4. Corrective Action
After finding out the negative deviations as well as their causes, the managers should accept steps to right these deviations. Corrective actions should locomote taken promptly. Corrective activity may include, changing the standards, providing amend motivation, giving amend training, using amend machines, etc. The management should accept essential steps to preclude these deviations inwards the future.
For e.g. The crusade of the negative difference was less advertising as well as untrained salesmen. So, the fellowship must pass reasonable coin on advertising as well as training.
5. Follow-up
After taking corrective action, the management must produce a follow-up. Follow-up is done to honour out whether the corrective actions are taken properly. It also finds out whether the deviations as well as their causes are removed. If follow-up is done properly, thus the actual functioning volition locomote equal to or amend than the established standards.
Articles on Control / Controlling
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