Motivation Motivational Factors Incentives Theories Of Motivation

What is Motivation? Meaning

Motivation is adjacent to directing / leading. Managers tin hand the axe motivate their subordinates piece guiding them. Motivating agency encouraging people to accept to a greater extent than initiatory in addition to involvement inward the piece of work assigned. It is an fine art of getting things done willingly from others.

Motivation avoids clashes in addition to non-cooperation in addition to brings harmony, unity in addition to co-operative outlook alongside employees. Managers receive got to piece of work equally motivators of their subordinates. For this, effective communication, proper appreciation of piece of work done in addition to positive encouragement are necessary in addition to useful. Motivation is inspiring in addition to encouraging people to piece of work to a greater extent than in addition to contribute for achieving the objectives of the companionship The creation of the wishing in addition to willingness to perform the undertaking efficiently is known equally motivation.

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Motivation is a psychological in addition to sociological concept equally it relates to human behaviour in addition to human relations. It is the most primal in addition to all pervasive concept of psychology. For motivation, sweetness words are useful but are sure non adequate. Motivation basically relates to human needs, desires in addition to expectations. In other words, these factors propose the measures which tin hand the axe move used for the motivation of employees.

In motivation, efforts should move made to satisfy the dissimilar needs of employees in addition to hence that they volition move satisfied, happy in addition to away from tensions. This creates favorable environs because of which employees accept to a greater extent than involvement in addition to initiatory inward the piece of work in addition to perform their jobs efficiently. Motivation is a technique of creating attraction for the job. It is encouraging employees for ameliorate performance inward guild to accomplish the goals of an Organization. The procedure of motivation is a continuous 1 (circular one) in addition to is beneficial to both - employer in addition to employees. It is a key to improve piece of work performance of employees.

The term 'motive' is derived from the Latin give-and-take 'emovere' which agency to displace or to activate. Motivation is the human activity of making someone to human activity inward the desired mode through positive encouragement. It is through motivation that employees tin hand the axe move induced to piece of work more, to earn to a greater extent than in addition to to hand ameliorate results to the Organization.

Definition of Motivation

1. According to W. G. Scot, "Motivation agency a procedure of stimulating people to activity to accomplish the desired goals."
2. According to Michael J. Jucius, "Motivation is the human activity of stimulating someone or oneself to larn a desired course of written report of action, to force the correct push clitoris to larn a desired results."

Features of Motivation

1. Psychological Process : Motivation is a psychological procedure useful for encouraging employees to accept to a greater extent than involvement inward the piece of work assigned. It relates to human relations.
2. Initiative yesteryear Manager : The initiatory for motivation is yesteryear the director yesteryear offering guidance in addition to too yesteryear other methods similar appreciation of skillful piece of work or offering incentives. Management has to adopt special measures for motivating employees. They include monetary equally good equally non-monetary.
3. Continuous activity : It is a continuous in addition to round out process. Subordinates demand motivation inward a continuous mode equally their needs in addition to expectations modify from fourth dimension to time. H5N1 director has to written report the needs of workers in addition to usage the technique of motivation accordingly. The procedure of motivation must move made a regular in addition to continuous one.
4. Goal-oriented in addition to action-oriented : Motivation diverts human behaviour towards sure goals. Attainment of organizational in addition to private goals depends on the motivational plans.
5. Broad concept : Motivation covers needs, human relations in addition to satisfaction of employees. For employee motivation, monetary in addition to other incentives demand to move offered. Job satisfaction is 1 such demand in addition to is useful for their motivation.
6. Essence of administration process : Motivation is an essential business office of a manager. He has to motivate his subordinates for achieving organizational objectives. Motivated labour strength is an property of a delineate of piece of work organisation unit. Motivated employees convey prosperity to a delineate of piece of work organisation unit.
7. Beneficial to employees in addition to management : Motivation offers benefits to employees in addition to Organisation. It avoids crashes in addition to encourages cooperative outlook alongside employees. Motivation leads to cordial labour-management relations. It provides to a greater extent than turn a profit to administration in addition to ameliorate welfare to employees.
8. Varied measures available for motivation : For motivation, diverse monetary in addition to non monetary incentives tin hand the axe move offered to employees yesteryear the management. Attractive wages, welfare facilities, undertaking satisfaction, appreciation of skillful work, encouragement to self-development, undertaking safety in addition to fair handling are to a greater extent than or less measures of motivating employees.
9. Motivation is dissimilar from satisfaction : Motivation implies a drive towards a final result piece satisfaction involves final result already experienced in addition to achieved. 'When wishing is satisfied, employee is motivated'.
10. Related to a someone inward totality : An employee is motivated inward totality in addition to non inward part. Employee's basic needs are interrelated. Management must fulfill all the needs through monetary in addition to non-monetary incentives.

Importance of Motivation

Motivation occupies an of import identify in addition to seat inward the whole administration process. This technique tin hand the axe move used fruitfully for encouraging workers to brand positive contribution for achieving organizational objectives. Motivation is necessary equally human nature needs to a greater extent than or less form of inducement, encouragement or incentive inward guild to larn ameliorate performance. Motivation of employee’s offers may benefits to the Organisation in addition to too to the employees. This suggests the importance of motivating employees. Motivation acts equally a technique for improving the performance of employees working at dissimilar levels.

Motivation of employees is 1 business office which every director has to perform along with other managerial functions. H5N1 director has to business office equally a friend in addition to motivator of his subordinates. Motivation is useful inward all aspects of life in addition to fifty-fifty our identify unit of measurement life. The same is the instance with business. This dearly suggests that motivation is extremely important. It is an integral component of administration procedure itself.

Advantages of Motivation

(A) Advantages of Motivation to Management / Organization

1. Increase inward the efficiency in addition to productivity of employees. Motivation ensures a high score performance of employees.
2. Better co-operation from employees in addition to cordial labour-management relations.
3. Reduction inward the charge per unit of measurement of labour absenteeism in addition to turnover.
4. Reduction inward the wastages in addition to industrial accidents.
5. Improvement inward the morale of employees.
6. Quick achievement of business/corporate objectives in addition to favorable corporate image.

(B) Advantages of Motivation to Employees / Workers

1. Employees larn diverse monetary in addition to non-monetary facilities/benefits which render ameliorate life in addition to welfare to them.
2. Security of work in addition to other benefits due to cordial relations with the management.
3. Job attraction in addition to undertaking satisfaction.
4. Higher status in addition to opportunities of participation inward management.
5. Positive approach in addition to outlook of employees towards company, administration in addition to superiors.
6. Reduction inward the charge per unit of measurement of labour turnover which is harmful to employees in addition to management.
7. Better range for improvement inward knowledge in addition to skills of employees.

Motivational Factors / Incentives

(A) Monetary or Financial Incentives

Monetary incentives are offered inward damage of money. Such incentives render to a greater extent than cash or purchasing mightiness to employees. Monetary incentives are extremely attractive to employees (particularly those working at lower levels) equally they larn the produce goodness speedily in addition to inward concrete terms. At the higher levels of management, non-monetary incentives are to a greater extent than of import than monetary incentives. Workers prefer monetary incentives equally compared to non-monetary incentives. Managements too offering liberal monetary incentives to all categories of workers.

Monetary incentives may move farther classified equally next :-

1. Individual Monetary Incentives : The produce goodness of private monetary incentive is available to concerned worker only. For example, F. W. Taylor suggested differential slice charge per unit of measurement scheme which offers dissimilar wage rates to dissimilar workers equally per their production efficiency. Different incentive wage plans are the examples of private monetary incentives equally the produce goodness is offered individually to every worker. Here, a worker is paid equally per his efficiency, productivity or equally per the production given yesteryear him. Efficient/sincere workers hand to a greater extent than production in addition to larn higher vantage inward damage of wage payment.
2. Group Monetary Incentives : In the grouping monetary incentives, the monetary produce goodness is non given individually but to a grouping of workers or to all workers inward the Organisation. Workers receive got to piece of work jointly/collectively equally a squad inward guild to secure the benefits of grouping monetary incentives. Bonus payment, pension, P.F, production/productivity bonus, turn a profit sharing, etc. are the examples of grouping monetary incentives. For the employer/management, grouping incentives are to a greater extent than of import equally they offering many benefits to the management.

(B) Non-monetary Incentives for Employee Motivation

1. Job safety in addition to undertaking enrichment : Job safety is useful for the motivation of employees. Such safety keeps the employee away from the tension of becoming unemployed. Job enrichment provides an chance for greater recognition in addition to advancement. Job enrichment refers to redesign of jobs.
2. Fair handling to employees : Employer should hand attending to the needs, difficulties in addition to grievances of employees. Small piece of work groups in addition to effective communication are useful for solving the problems of workers. Employees must move given decent treatment. They volition move co-operative solely when they are treated with sympathy in addition to love, affection in addition to dignity. Employees should too move given aid inward personal matters.
3. Recognition of skillful work : Recognition of skillful piece of work at an appropriate fourth dimension gives encouragement to employees to present ameliorate performance inward future. As an appreciation of skillful work, prizes, rewards, promotions, etc. should move given.
4. Encouragement to self-development in addition to career development: Employees should move given varied grooming facilities. Training facilitates self-development in addition to too provides opportunities for career development. Every employee has a wishing to grow, develop in addition to ascent higher. This wishing should move exploited fully for motivating employees. For this, grooming equally good equally administration evolution programmes should move introduced.
5. Delegation of authority : Due to delegation of authority, a subordinate employee feels that superior has organized religious belief inward him in addition to too inward his mightiness to usage authorisation inward a proper manner. Employees larn mental satisfaction when authorisation is given to them. They accept involvement in addition to initiatory inward the piece of work in addition to seek to test that they are competent to piece of work at the higher levels. Thus, delegation of authorisation becomes a motivating factor.
6. Congenial working conditions : It is a non fiscal incentive for motivation. Employees should move given diverse facilities in addition to conveniences at the piece of work place. The piece of work environs should move pleasant in addition to safe. This creates wishing to piece of work efficiently.
7. Helpful mental attitude of management : The helpful mental attitude of administration towards its employees creates a sense of affinity for the Organisation. Fair handling to workers creates ameliorate agreement alongside workers. Cordial industrial relations too motivate employees. Thus, enlightened in addition to pro-employee mental attitude of administration acts equally a motivating factor.
8. Fair chance of promotion : Fair chance of advertisement to all eligible workers is 1 to a greater extent than method useful for motivating employees. They accept involvement inward the piece of work equally they feet that they volition move rewarded inward the shape of promotions. Training facility should move provided to employees inward guild to brand them eligible for promotion.
9. Labour participation inward management : Labour participation inward administration is useful for the motivation of employees. Workers larn higher status in addition to ameliorate range for expressing their views through such participation. Even the formation of character circles or articulation administration councils is useful for motivating employees.
10. Designation in addition to status : When an employee is provided with a ameliorate designation, it adds to his status. Employees are proud to break their attractive in addition to high-sounding designations.

blogspot.com//search?q=maslow-hierarchy-of-needs-theory-of">Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory.

blogspot.com//search?q=maslow-hierarchy-of-needs-theory-of">Hertzberg’s Two Factor Theory.

blogspot.com//search?q=maslow-hierarchy-of-needs-theory-of">Douglas McGregor's Theory X Theory Y.

blogspot.com//search?q=maslow-hierarchy-of-needs-theory-of">McClelland's Achievement Motivation Theory.

blogspot.com//search?q=maslow-hierarchy-of-needs-theory-of">Hawthorne Experiments. So named because they were carried on inward Hawthorne found of western Electric Company of Chicago inward USA.

Dr. Elton Mayo led a squad from Harward University which cooperated with western electrical co. inward the catamenia 1927-1936 to conduct out Hawthorne Experiments. They identified next details.

1. Recognized the importance of employee attitudes such equally agreement voluntary co-operations in addition to willing dedication inward accomplishment of organizational goals.
2. Found that employee performance is rattling much influenced yesteryear his mental attitude towards his job, associates in addition to management.
3. Proved that organizational theater tin hand the axe attain solely when its employees are satisfied contented inward their jobs.
4. Pointed out that whatsoever modify to move should move made should move explained in addition to its pregnant should move clear to employees. The fact that modify is logical is non plenty because employees may non appreciate the logic.
5. Explored much of data on grouping behavior.
6. Thus receive got provided the reason for much of what nosotros know well-nigh getting along with all, job employees inward particular.